RIOT-OS, an operating system for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. In version 2023.01 and prior, an attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in an out of bounds write in the packet buffer. The overflow can be used to corrupt other packets and the allocator metadata. Corrupting a pointer will easily lead to denial of service. While carefully manipulating the allocator metadata gives an attacker the possibility to write data to arbitrary locations and thus execute arbitrary code. This issue is fixed in pull request 19680. As a workaround, disable support for fragmented IP datagrams.

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. Prior to version 2022.10, an attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in a type confusion between IPv6 extension headers and a UDP header. This occurs while encoding a 6LoWPAN IPHC header. The type confusion manifests in an out of bounds write in the packet buffer. The overflow can be used to corrupt other packets and the allocator metadata. Corrupting a pointer will easily lead to denial of service. While carefully manipulating the allocator metadata gives an attacker the possibility to write data to arbitrary locations and thus execute arbitrary code. Version 2022.10 fixes this issue. As a workaround, apply the patches manually.

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. Prior to version 2022.10, an attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in an out of bounds write in the packet buffer. The overflow can be used to corrupt other packets and the allocator metadata. Corrupting a pointer will easily lead to denial of service. While carefully manipulating the allocator metadata gives an attacker the possibility to write data to arbitrary locations and thus execute arbitrary code. Version 2022.10 fixes this issue. As a workaround, disable support for fragmented IP datagrams or apply the patches manually.

RIOT RIOT-OS version after commit 7af03ab624db0412c727eed9ab7630a5282e2fd3 contains a Buffer Overflow vulnerability in sock_dns, an implementation of the DNS protocol utilizing the RIOT sock API that can result in Remote code executing. This attack appears to be exploitable via network connectivity.

RIOT-OS 2020.01 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in /sys/net/gnrc/routing/rpl/gnrc_rpl_control_messages.c.

RIOT OS versions up to and including 2026.01-devel-317 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the tapslip6 utility. The vulnerability is caused by unsafe string concatenation in the devopen() function, which constructs a device path using unbounded user-controlled input. The utility uses strcpy() and strcat() to concatenate the fixed prefix '/dev/' with a user-supplied device name provided via the -s command-line option without bounds checking. This allows an attacker to supply an excessively long device name and overflow a fixed-size stack buffer, leading to process crashes and memory corruption.

RIOT OS versions up to and including 2026.01-devel-317 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the ethos utility due to missing bounds checking when processing incoming serial frame data. The vulnerability occurs in the _handle_char() function, where incoming frame bytes are appended to a fixed-size stack buffer without verifying that the current write index remains within bounds. An attacker capable of sending crafted serial or TCP-framed input can cause the current write index to exceed the buffer size, resulting in a write past the end of the stack buffer. This condition leads to memory corruption and application crash.

RIOT 2020.04 has a buffer overflow in the base64 decoder. The decoding function base64_decode() uses an output buffer estimation function to compute the required buffer capacity and validate against the provided buffer size. The base64_estimate_decode_size() function calculates the expected decoded size with an arithmetic round-off error and does not take into account possible padding bytes. Due to this underestimation, it may be possible to craft base64 input that causes a buffer overflow.

RIOT is an open-source microcontroller operating system, designed to match the requirements of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and other embedded devices. A vulnerability was discovered in the IPv6 fragmentation reassembly implementation of RIOT OS v2025.07. When copying the contents of the first fragment (offset=0) into the reassembly buffer, no size check is performed. It is possible to force the creation of a small reassembly buffer by first sending a shorter fragment (also with offset=0). Overflowing the reassembly buffer corrupts the state of other packet buffers which an attacker might be able to used to achieve further memory corruption (potentially resulting in remote code execution). To trigger the vulnerability, the `gnrc_ipv6_ext_frag` module must be included and the attacker must be able to send arbitrary IPv6 packets to the victim. Version 2025.10 fixes the issue.

RIOT is a real-time multi-threading operating system that supports a range of devices that are typically 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers. The size check in the `gcoap_dns_server_proxy_get()` function contains a small typo that may lead to a buffer overflow in the subsequent `strcpy()`. In detail, the length of the `_uri` string is checked instead of the length of the `_proxy` string. The `_gcoap_forward_proxy_copy_options()` function does not implement an explicit size check before copying data to the `cep->req_etag` buffer that is `COAP_ETAG_LENGTH_MAX` bytes long. If an attacker can craft input so that `optlen` becomes larger than `COAP_ETAG_LENGTH_MAX`, they can cause a buffer overflow. If the input above is attacker-controlled and crosses a security boundary, the impact of the buffer overflow vulnerabilities could range from denial of service to arbitrary code execution. This issue has yet to be patched. Users are advised to add manual bounds checking.

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, has an ineffective size check implemented with `assert()` can lead to buffer overflow in versions up to and including 2025.04. Assertions are usually compiled out in production builds. If assertions are the only defense against untrusted inputs, the software may be exposed to attacks that utilize the lack of proper input checks. In the `l2filter_add()` function shown below, `addr_len` is checked using an assertion and is subsequently used as an argument in a `memcpy()` call. When assertions are disabled, there would be no size check for `addr_len`. As a consequence, if an attacker were to provide an `addr_len` value larger than `CONFIG_L2FILTER_ADDR_MAXLEN`, they can trigger a buffer overflow and write past the `list[i].addr` buffer. If the unchecked input is attacker-controlled, the impact of the buffer overflow can range from a denial of service to arbitrary code execution. Commit f6f7de4ccc107c018630e4c15500825caf02e1c2 contains a patch for the vulnerability.

RIOT OS version 2020.01.1 is vulnerable to integer wrap-around in its implementation of calloc function, which can lead to arbitrary memory allocation, resulting in unexpected behavior such as a crash or a remote code injection/execution.

RIOT-OS 2021.01 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in /sys/net/gnrc/routing/rpl/gnrc_rpl_control_messages.c through the _parse_options() function.

RIOT-OS 2021.01 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in sys/net/gnrc/routing/rpl/gnrc_rpl_validation.c through the gnrc_rpl_validation_options() function.

RIOT-OS, an operating system for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. Prior to version 2023.04, an attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in an integer underflow and out of bounds access in the packet buffer. Triggering the access at the right time will corrupt other packets or the allocator metadata. Corrupting a pointer will lead to denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 2023.04. As a workaround, disable SRH in the network stack.

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. Prior to version 2022.10, an attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in a large out of bounds write beyond the packet buffer. The write will create a hard fault exception after reaching the last page of RAM. The hard fault is not handled and the system will be stuck until reset, thus the impact is denial of service. Version 2022.10 fixes this issue. As a workaround, disable support for fragmented IP datagrams or apply the patches manually.

RIOT-OS, an operating system that supports Internet of Things devices, contains a network stack with the ability to process 6LoWPAN frames. An attacker can send a crafted frame to the device resulting in a large out of bounds write beyond the packet buffer. The write will create a hard fault exception after reaching the last page of RAM. The hard fault is not handled and the system will be stuck until reset. Thus the impact is denial of service. Version 2022.10 fixes this issue. As a workaround, apply the patch manually.

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS before 2.28.2 and 3.x before 3.3.0. There is a potential heap-based buffer overflow and heap-based buffer over-read in DTLS if MBEDTLS_SSL_DTLS_CONNECTION_ID is enabled and MBEDTLS_SSL_CID_IN_LEN_MAX > 2 * MBEDTLS_SSL_CID_OUT_LEN_MAX.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the setlogo_num parameter in the icp_setlogo_img (sub_41DBF4) function.

XnView Classic before 2.51.3 on Windows has a Write Access Violation at xnview.exe+0x3125D6.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the wps_sta_enrollee_pin parameter in the set_sta_enrollee_pin_5g function.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sys_service parameter in the setup_wizard_mydlink (sub_4104B8) function.

Buffer overflow in SLP attribute request process of Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code.*: Satera LBP670C Series/Satera MF750C Series firmware v03.07 and earlier sold in Japan. Color imageCLASS LBP674C/Color imageCLASS X LBP1333C/Color imageCLASS MF750C Series/Color imageCLASS X MF1333C Series firmware v03.07 and earlier sold in US. i-SENSYS LBP673Cdw/C1333P/i-SENSYS MF750C Series/C1333i Series firmware v03.07 and earlier sold in Europe.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the cameo.cameo.netstat_rsname parameter in the tools_netstat (sub_41E730) function.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the reject_url parameter in the reject (sub_41BD60) function.

Multiple out-of-bounds write vulnerabilities exist in the ORCA format nAtoms functionality of Open Babel 3.1.1 and master commit 530dbfa3. A specially-crafted malformed file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.nAtoms calculation wrap-around, leading to a small buffer allocation

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the REMOTE_USER parameter in the get_access (sub_45AC2C) function.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the login_name parameter in the do_graph_auth (sub_4061E0) function.

Multiple out-of-bounds write vulnerabilities exist in the translationVectors parsing functionality in multiple supported formats of Open Babel 3.1.1 and master commit 530dbfa3. A specially-crafted malformed file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability affects the Gaussian file format

Fingerprint calibration has a vulnerability of lacking boundary judgment. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause out-of-bounds write.

D-Link DIR 645A1 1.06B01_Beta01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the service= variable in the genacgi_main function.

TRENDnet TEW755AP 1.13B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the qcawifi.wifi%d_vap%d.maclist parameter in the kick_ban_wifi_mac_allow (sub_415B00) function.

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13, iOS 16. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges

HCL Domino is susceptible to a stack based buffer overflow vulnerability in lasr.dll in Micro Focus KeyView. This could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash the application or execute arbitrary code via a crafted Lotus Ami Pro file. This is different from the vulnerability described in CVE-2022-44754.  This vulnerability applies to software previously licensed by IBM.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameter wan_dns1_sec.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_server_ip.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_push1.

Tenda i21 V1.0.0.14(4656) has a stack overflow vulnerability via /goform/setSysPwd.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter openvpn_push1.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameter wan_dns1_pri.

pdftojson commit 94204bb was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the component Stream::makeFilter(char*, Stream*, Object*, int).

Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameter enable_band_steering.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in /usr/sbin/httpd via parameters: starthour, startminute , endhour, and endminute.

HCL Notes is susceptible to a stack based buffer overflow vulnerability in wp6sr.dll in Micro Focus KeyView. This could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash the application or execute arbitrary code via a crafted WordPerfect file.  This vulnerability applies to software previously licensed by IBM.

D-Link DIR878 1.02B04 and 1.02B05 are vulnerable to Buffer Overflow.

Tenda i21 V1.0.0.14(4656) is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via /goform/setUplinkInfo.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.1.64 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameters KEY1 and KEY2.

Netgear R7000P V1.3.0.8 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via parameters apmode_dns1_pri and apmode_dns1_sec.

HCL Notes is susceptible to a stack based buffer overflow vulnerability in lasr.dll in Micro Focus KeyView. This could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash the application or execute arbitrary code via a crafted Lotus Ami Pro file. This is different from the vulnerability described in CVE-2022-44751.  This vulnerability applies to software previously licensed by IBM.

Tenda AC23 V16.03.07.45_cn was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the schedStartTime parameter in the setSchedWifi function.