xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions 0.10.6 and prior contain a vulnerability concerning the parsing of Client Security Data within the Client MCS Connect Initial PDU with GCC Conference Create Request during the connection sequence. During the initial capability and security negotiation phase, the parser fails to perform sufficient length validation for the incoming data block. A remote, unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted RDP packet containing malformed data. Due to missing bounds checks, the xrdp process may read a small number of bytes beyond the declared data block boundary, potentially disclosing process memory contents that could be combined with other vulnerabilities. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6.1.

Kalmia CMS version 0.2.0 contains a user enumeration vulnerability in its authentication mechanism. The application returns different error messages for invalid users (user_not_found) versus valid users with incorrect passwords (invalid_password). This observable response discrepancy allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid usernames on the system.

The check user account lock states feature within the email OTP flow fails to validate user input, allowing an attacker to infer the existence of registered user accounts. The discovery of valid usernames can increase the risk of brute-force and social engineering attacks. Attackers can leverage this information to craft targeted phishing campaigns or other malicious activities aimed at tricking users into divulging sensitive data, potentially damaging the organization's reputation and leading to regulatory non-compliance and financial consequences.

Piwigo is an open source photo gallery application for the web. In version 15.5.0 and likely earlier 15.x releases, the password reset functionality in Piwigo allows an unauthenticated attacker to determine whether a given username or email address exists in the system. The endpoint at password.php?action=lost returns distinct messages for valid vs. invalid accounts, enabling user enumeration. As of time of publication, no known patches are available.

Pega Platform versions 7.1.0 through Infinity 25.1.0 are affected by a User Enumeration. This issue occurs during user authentication process, where a difference in response time could allow a remote unauthenticated user to determine if a username is valid or not. This only applies to deprecated basic-authentication feature and other more secure authentication mechanisms are recommended. A fix is being provided in the 24.1.4, 24.2.4, and 25.1.1 patch releases. Please note: Basic credentials authentication service type is deprecated started in 24.2 version: https://docs.pega.com/bundle/platform/page/platform/release-notes/security/whats-new-security-242.html.

The Frontier Airlines website has a publicly available endpoint that validates if an email addresses is associated with an account. An unauthenticated, remote attacker could determine valid email addresses, possibly aiding in further attacks.

DokuWiki 2018-04-22b contains a username enumeration vulnerability in its password reset functionality that allows attackers to identify valid user accounts. Attackers can submit different usernames to the password reset endpoint and distinguish between existing and non-existing accounts by analyzing the server's error response messages.

Under certain circumstances a CCURE Portal user could enumerate user accounts in CCURE 9000 version 2.90 and prior versions.

Piccolo is an ORM and query builder which supports asyncio. In versions 0.120.0 and prior, the implementation of `BaseUser.login` leaks enough information to a malicious user such that they would be able to successfully generate a list of valid users on the platform. As Piccolo on its own does not also enforce strong passwords, these lists of valid accounts are likely to be used in a password spray attack with the outcome being attempted takeover of user accounts on the platform. The impact of this vulnerability is minor as it requires chaining with other attack vectors in order to gain more then simply a list of valid users on the underlying platform. The likelihood of this vulnerability is possible as it requires minimal skills to pull off, especially given the underlying login functionality for Piccolo based sites is open source. This issue has been patched in version 0.121.0.

Loway - CWE-204: Observable Response Discrepancy

IBM CICS TX Advanced 10.1 could disclose sensitive information to a remote attacker due to observable discrepancy in HTTP responses. IBM X-Force ID: 260814.

A vulnerability has been identified in Gridscale X Prepay (All versions < V4.2.1). The affected application is vulnerable to user enumeration due to distinguishable responses. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to determine if a user is valid or not, enabling a brute force attack with valid users.

Tadiran Telecom Aeonix - CWE-204: Observable Response Discrepancy

In Splunk Enterprise versions below 9.2.2, 9.1.5, and 9.0.10 and Splunk Cloud Platform versions below 9.1.2312.109, an attacker could determine whether or not another user exists on the instance by deciphering the error response that they would likely receive from the instance when they attempt to log in. This disclosure could then lead to additional brute-force password-guessing attacks. This vulnerability would require that the Splunk platform instance uses the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) authentication scheme.

Windu CMS is vulnerable to User Enumeration. This issue occurs during logon, where a difference in messages could allow an attacker to determine if the login is valid or not, enabling a brute force attack with valid logins. Only version 4.1 was tested and confirmed as vulnerable. This issue was fixed in version 4.1 build 2250.

Cloud Native Computing Foundation Harbor before 1.10.3 and 2.x before 2.0.1 allows resource enumeration because unauthenticated API calls reveal (via the HTTP status code) whether a resource exists.

For failed login attempts, the application returns different error messages depending on whether the login failed due to an incorrect password or a non-existing username. This allows an attacker to guess usernames until they find an existing one.

Observable Response Discrepancy in GitHub repository answerdev/answer prior to 1.0.6.

Saleor is an e-commerce platform. Starting in version 3.21.0 and prior to version 3.21.16, requesting certain fields in the response of `accountRegister` may result in errors that could unintentionally reveal whether a user with the provided email already exists in Saleor. Version 3.21.16 fixes the issue. As a workaround, rate-limit the mutation to reduce the impact.

Trivision NC-227WF firmware 5.80 (build 20141010) login mechanism reveals whether a username exists or not by returning different error messages ("Unknown user" vs. "Wrong password"), allowing an attacker to enumerate valid usernames.

OPEXUS FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) version v11.1.0 allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to query the /App/CreateRequest.aspx endpoint to check for the existence of valid usernames. There are no rate-limiting mechanisms in place.

IBM Cognos Controller 10.4.1, 10.4.2, and 11.0.0 could allow a remote user to enumerate usernames due to differentiating error messages on existing usernames. IBM X-Force ID: 199181.

Observable Response Discrepancy in the SICK ICR890-4 could allow a remote attacker to identify valid usernames for the FTP server from the response given during a failed login attempt.

WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In 29.0 and earlier, objects/mention.json.php has no User::loginCheck() or admin gate. It only has an entry guard: preg_match('/^@/', $_REQUEST['term']) and hard-coded rowCount=10. This enables unauthenticated user enumeration.

FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to 1.8.219, the password reset endpoint returns visually distinct responses depending on whether the submitted email address belongs to an existing user account, allowing unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid helpdesk agent email addresses. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.219.

Statamic is a Laravel and Git powered content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.73.21 and 6.15.0, responses from the forgot password forms hinted at whether an account existed for a given email address. An unauthenticated attacker could use this to enumerate valid users, which can aid in follow-up credential-based attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.73.21 and 6.15.0.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to versions 8.6.51 and 9.6.0-alpha.40, the Pages route and legacy PublicAPI route for resending email verification links return distinguishable responses depending on whether the provided username exists and has an unverified email. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to enumerate valid usernames by observing different redirect targets. The existing emailVerifySuccessOnInvalidEmail configuration option, which is enabled by default and protects the API route against this, did not apply to these routes. This issue has been patched in versions 8.6.51 and 9.6.0-alpha.40.

Ghost is a Node.js content management system. From 5.18.0 until 6.21.1, a discrepancy in responses from the members signin endpoints made it possible for an unauthenticated attacker to determine whether a given email address belongs to a registered member of a Ghost site. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.21.1.

Shopware is an open commerce platform. Prior to 6.7.8.1 and 6.6.10.15, the Store API login endpoint (POST /store-api/account/login) returns different error codes depending on whether the submitted email address belongs to a registered customer (CHECKOUT__CUSTOMER_AUTH_BAD_CREDENTIALS) or is unknown (CHECKOUT__CUSTOMER_NOT_FOUND). The "not found" response also echoes the probed email address. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to enumerate valid customer accounts. The storefront login controller correctly unifies both error paths, but the Store API does not — indicating an inconsistent defense. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.7.8.1 and 6.6.10.15.

Tuleap is an Open Source Suite created to facilitate management of software development and collaboration. In Tuleap Community Edition prior to version 16.9.99.1750843170 and Tuleap Enterprise Edition prior to 16.8-4 and 16.9-2, the forgot password form allows for user enumeration. This is fixed in Tuleap Community Edition version 16.9.99.1750843170 and Tuleap Enterprise Edition 16.8-4 and 16.9-2.

Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to version 1.11.36, Chamilo is vulnerable to user enumeration with valid/invalid username. This issue has been patched in version 1.11.36.

Dify is an open-source LLM app development platform. Prior to 1.9.0, responses from the Dify API to existing and non-existent accounts differ, allowing an attacker to enumerate email addresses registered with Dify. Version 1.9.0 fixes the issue.

NocoDB is software for building databases as spreadsheets. Prior to version 0.301.3, the password forgot endpoint returned different responses for registered and unregistered emails, allowing user enumeration. This issue has been patched in version 0.301.3.

Static Web Server (SWS) is a production-ready web server suitable for static web files or assets. In versions 2.1.0 through 2.40.1, a timing-based username enumeration vulnerability in Basic Authentication allows attackers to identify valid users by exploiting early responses for invalid usernames, enabling targeted brute-force or credential-stuffing attacks. SWS checks whether a username exists before verifying the password, causing valid usernames to follow a slower code path (e.g., bcrypt hashing) while invalid usernames receive an immediate 401 response. This timing discrepancy allows attackers to enumerate valid accounts by measuring response-time differences. This issue has been fixed in version 2.41.0.

Rucio is a software framework that provides functionality to organize, manage, and access large volumes of scientific data using customizable policies. Prior to versions 35.8.3, 38.5.4, and 39.3.1, the WebUI login endpoint returns distinct error messages depending on whether a supplied username exists, allowing unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid usernames. Versions 35.8.3, 38.5.4, and 39.3.1 fix the issue.

OpenAEV is an open source platform allowing organizations to plan, schedule and conduct cyber adversary simulation campaign and tests. Starting in version 1.11.0 and prior to version 2.0.13, the /api/reset endpoint behaves differently depending on whether the supplied username exists in the system. When a non-existent email is provided in the login parameter, the endpoint returns an HTTP 400 response (Bad Request). When a valid email is supplied, the endpoint responds with HTTP 200. This difference in server responses creates an observable discrepancy that allows an attacker to reliably determine which emails are registered in the application. By automating requests with a list of possible email addresses, an attacker can quickly build a list of valid accounts without any authentication. The endpoint should return a consistent response regardless of whether the username exists in order to prevent account enumeration. Version 2.0.13 fixes this issue.

A vulnerability in an identity management API endpoint of Cisco ISE could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to enumerate valid user accounts on an affected device. This vulnerability exists because error messages are observed when the affected API endpoint is called. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a series of crafted requests to the affected endpoint and analyzing the differentiated responses. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to compile a list of valid usernames on an affected system.

IBM Security QRadar EDR 3.12 could disclose sensitive information due to an observable login response discrepancy. IBM X-Force ID: 257697.

In Gitea before 1.25.2, /api/v1/user has different responses for failed authentication depending on whether a username exists.

This admin plugin for Grav is an HTML user interface that provides a convenient way to configure Grav and easily create and modify pages. Prior to 1.11.0-beta.1, a user enumeration and email disclosure vulnerability exists in Grav. The "Forgot Password" functionality at /admin/forgot leaks information about valid usernames and their associated email addresses through distinct server responses. This allows an attacker to enumerate users and disclose sensitive email addresses, which can be leveraged for targeted attacks such as password spraying, phishing, or social engineering. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.11.0-beta.1.

TN-5900 Series version 3.3 and prior versions is vulnearble to user enumeration vulnerability. The vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to determine whether a user is valid during password recovery through the web login page and enable a brute force attack with valid users.

For failed login attempts, the application returns different error messages depending on whether the login failed due to an incorrect password or a non-existing username. This allows an attacker to guess usernames until they find an existing one.

D-Link Nuclias Connect firmware versions <= 1.3.1.4 contain an observable response discrepancy vulnerability. The application's 'Login' endpoint returns distinct JSON responses depending on whether the supplied username is associated with an existing account. Because the responses differ in the `error.message`string value, an unauthenticated remote attacker can enumerate valid usernames/accounts on the server. NOTE: D-Link states that a fix is under development.

Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. ZITADEL administrators can enable a setting called "Ignoring unknown usernames" which helps mitigate attacks that try to guess/enumerate usernames. If enabled, ZITADEL will show the password prompt even if the user doesn't exist and report "Username or Password invalid". While the setting was correctly respected during the login flow, the user's username was normalized leading to a disclosure of the user's existence. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.

A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix Runtime V10 (All versions < V10.21.0), Mendix Runtime V10.12 (All versions < V10.12.16), Mendix Runtime V10.18 (All versions < V10.18.5), Mendix Runtime V10.6 (All versions < V10.6.22), Mendix Runtime V8 (All versions < V8.18.35), Mendix Runtime V9 (All versions < V9.24.34). Affected applications allow for entity enumeration due to distinguishable responses in certain client actions. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to list all valid entities and attribute names of a Mendix Runtime-based application.

Shopware 6 is an open commerce platform based on Symfony Framework and Vue. Through the store-api it is possible as a attacker to check if a specific e-mail address has an account in the shop. Using the store-api endpoint /store-api/account/recovery-password you get the response, which indicates clearly that there is no account for this customer. In contrast you get a success response if the account was found. This vulnerability is fixed in Shopware 6.6.10.3 or 6.5.8.17. For older versions of 6.4, corresponding security measures are also available via a plugin. For the full range of functions, we recommend updating to the latest Shopware version.

D-Link Nuclias Connect firmware versions <= 1.3.1.4 contain an observable response discrepancy vulnerability. The application's 'Forgot Password' endpoint returns distinct JSON responses depending on whether the supplied email address is associated with an existing account. Because the responses differ in the `data.exist` boolean value, an unauthenticated remote attacker can enumerate valid email addresses/accounts on the server. NOTE: D-Link states that a fix is under development.

For failed login attempts, the application returns different error messages depending on whether the login failed due to an incorrect password or a non-existing username. This allows an attacker to guess usernames until they find an existing one.

pimcore/admin-ui-classic-bundle provides a Backend UI for Pimcore. In affected versions an error message discloses existing accounts and leads to user enumeration on the target via "Forgot password" function. No generic error message has been implemented. This issue has been addressed in version 1.7.4 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

SAP NetWeaver Server ABAP allows an unauthenticated attacker to exploit a vulnerability that causes the server to respond differently based on the existence of a specified user, potentially revealing sensitive information. This issue does not enable data modification and has no impact on server availability.